Graphene
2022 JAN 31
Preliminary >
Science and Technology > Everyday S&T > Basics
Why in news?
- India Innovation Centre for Graphene to come up in Kerala soon
About Graphene:
- It is a single layer (monolayer) of carbon atoms (one atom thick). It is the building-block of Graphite.
- It is harder than diamond yet more elastic than rubber; tougher than steel yet lighter than aluminium. Graphene is the strongest known material.
- Its thin composition and high conductivity means it is used in applications ranging from miniaturized electronics to biomedical devices.
- These properties also enable thinner wire connections; providing extensive benefits for computers, solar panels, batteries, sensors and other devices.
Other Properties of Graphene:
- Lowest resistivity at room temperature.
- High thermal stability
- High elasticity
- High electrical conductivity
- Electron mobility is high at room temperature.
Applications:
- Graphene is widely used in making solar cells, light-emitting diodes, touch panels and smart windows.
- Graphene super capacitors serve as energy storage devices with a capacity for faster charging and longer life span than traditional electrolytic batteries.
- Graphene oxide (GO) membranes can be used to filter common salt from seawater.
- Other potential applications of graphene include sensors, personalised healthcare and medicine (drug delivery etc.), making tennis racquets etc.
- It is also used in lubricants, paints, functional fluids etc.
PRACTICE QUESTION:
Consider the following statements regarding ‘Graphene’:
1. It has good electrical conductivity
2. It is harder than diamond
3. It is widely used in making solar cells
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1,2 and 3
Answer