Low-Temperature Thermal Desalination (LTTD)

Why in news?

• Chennai-based National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT) has set up Low-Temperature Thermal Desalination (LTTD) plants in Lakshadweep.

About Low-Temperature Thermal Desalination (LTTD):

• LTTD is a desalination technique for the conversion of seawater to potable water.
• This technique works on the principle that water in the ocean 1,000 or 2,000 feet below is about 4º C to 8º C colder than surface water.
• So, salty surface water is collected in a tank and subject to high pressure (via an external power source).
• This pressured water vapourises and is trapped in tubes or a chamber. Cold water plumbed from the ocean depths is passed over these tubes and the vapour condenses into fresh water and the resulting salt is diverted away.

About National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT):

• NIOT was established in November 1993 as an autonomous society under the Ministry of Earth Sciences.
• It aims to develop reliable indigenous technologies to solve various engineering problems associated with harvesting of non-living and living resources in the Exclusive Economic Zone.

PRACTICE QUESTION

Recently National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT) has set up Low-Temperature Thermal Desalination (LTTD) plants in:

(a) Lakshadweep

(b) Andaman and Nicobar

(c) Goa

(d) Maharashtra

Answer